A surety corporation is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of at least $500 but not more than $5,000 for violating section
9304,
9305, or
9306 of this title. A civil action under this section may be brought in a judicial district in which a civil action may be brought against the corporation under section
9307 of this title. A penalty imposed under this section does not affect the validity of a contract made by the surety corporation.